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<span class="date">07 January</span> <span> / </span>
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<a href="https://github.com/changchichung" title="Posts by Eric Chang" rel="author">Eric Chang</a>
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<div class='entry-header'>
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<h1 class='entry-title'> [筆記] postgresql 效能測試 / postgresql benchmakr using pgbench</h1>
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</div>
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<article>
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<p>昨天老闆在slack 上面問說現在的幾台 DB Server 有沒有跑過 pgbench</p>
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<p>分數大概如何，想要跟他的筆電做個比較</p>
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<p>之前有跑過幾次，這次就順便測試一下不同的硬體配置、以及不同的軟體版本</p>
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<p>對於pgbench 跑分會有多大的影響</p>
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<p>OS: ubuntu 18.04.3 x64
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postgresql 版本： 10 / 11 / 12
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硬碟分成兩種，一個是透過 NFS 10G 網路存取的storage，一個是本機三顆硬碟組成的 zfs raidz</p>
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<p>大概步驟就是安裝postgresql & tools ，然後initialize pgbench table 最後就跑pgbench 測試</p>
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<h3 id="install-tools-for-postgresql">install tools for postgresql</h3>
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<p>sudo apt install postgresql-contrib</p>
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<h3 id="su-to-postgres-and-initialize-pgbench-database">su to postgres and initialize pgbench database</h3>
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<p>sudo su - postgres
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createdb pgbench
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pgbench -i -U postgres -s 10 pgbench</p>
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<h3 id="running-the-test">running the test</h3>
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<p>pgbench -t 100 -c 100 -S -U postgres pgbench</p>
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<p>得出來的結果如下</p>
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<p>| | 2 cores / 16G | 4 cores / 16G |
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| — | — | — | PGTUNE | NO PGTUNE | PGTUNE | NO PGTUNE |
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| PSQL Version | 10G Storage | Local Raidz | 10G Storage | Local Raidz | 10G Storage | Local Raidz | 10G Storage | Local Raidz |
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| 10 | 9014.144993 | 9395.847239 | 9508.819462 | 10192.27069 | 13280.99918 | 13819.12767 | 15257.69002 | 15397.53475 |
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| 11 | 9418.477212 | 9333.790266 | 9070.990565 | 9071.182748 | 15455.80444 | 16079.6638 | 15710.24677 | 14274.59939 |
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| 12 | 8630.21746 | 8872.475173 | 9072.034237 | 9217.547833 | 16116.7502 | 12380.71452 | 17409.10363 | 14520.79393 |</p>
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<p>Update: 喵的 Markdown 的表格不支援 colspan ，只好改用圖片方式呈現</p>
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<p><img src="https://i.imgur.com/vQFfj6Y.png" alt="'postgresql pgbench banchmark reults'" /></p>
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<p>另外補上一個 2 cores / 2G RAM 的結果</p>
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<h3 id="postgresql-10-2g-ram-hdd-on-10g-storage">postgresql 10 , 2G RAM , HDD on 10G Storage</h3>
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<pre><code>postgres@ubuntu:~$ pgbench -t 100 -c 100 -S -U postgres pgbench
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starting vacuum...end.
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transaction type: <builtin: select only>
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scaling factor: 10
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query mode: simple
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number of clients: 100
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number of threads: 1
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number of transactions per client: 100
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number of transactions actually processed: 10000/10000
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latency average = 11.583 ms
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tps = 8633.209610 (including connections establishing)
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tps = 8651.036900 (excluding connections establishing)
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</code></pre>
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<p>有幾個地方值得注意</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>記憶體 2G->16G 效能的增加並沒有很明顯 tps 從 8633 略為上升到 9014</p>
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<ul>
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<li>這個倒是讓我滿意外的，一直以來都認為postgresql 非常的需要記憶體，但是實際跑測試卻不是這樣</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><p>pgtune 的影響不大，甚至可以說是會降低效能</p>
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<ul>
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<li>pgtune 是一個網頁服務，可以協助做出「理論上」建議使用的postgresql config
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<a href="https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua/#/">https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua/#/</a></li>
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<li>從結果可以看出，使用pgtune 做出來的config ，跟完全使用預設值的config 相比，pgtune的效能大部分都略低於預設值</li>
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<li>這也讓我很好奇，或許要花更多時間去研究postgresql 的config，但是，幹！我不是 DBA 啊！</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><p>CPU 核心數很明顯地影響pgbench</p>
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<ul>
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<li>從表格中可以看到，當CPU Cores 增加，pgbench的效能也明顯增加</li>
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<li><p>而我甚至還沒有指定用多核心去執行測試，如果要用多核心去測試，要把測試指令改成</p>
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<pre><code>pgbench -j 4 -t 100 -c 100 -S -U postgres pgbench
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</code></pre></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><p>10G Storage和 3顆 2T SATA硬碟組成的 raidz 效能差不多</p>
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<ul>
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<li>如果本機改用 SSD RAID 甚至是 NVME SSD RAID ，效能應該會提高更多</li>
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<li>10G的部份最多大概就是略低於 1000MB 左右</li>
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<li>如果換成 SSD ，效能應該是還會提昇，但是有限，畢竟10Gb的頻寬限制就在那邊(理論值1250MB左右)</li>
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</ul></li>
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